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ROMANTICISMO Y REALISMO EUROPEO

Updated: November 18, 2024

Rosa Elvira Morales garcia

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive overview of Romanticism in literature, focusing on its emotional depth, influence on Europe, and key themes like the cult of nature and nationalism. It delves into prominent Romantic writers such as Goethe, Victor Hugo, and Edgar Allan Poe, and contrasts Romanticism with Realism and Naturalism. Additionally, it examines works by authors like Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Hans Christian Andersen, Honore de Balzac, and Leo Tolstoy, showcasing their impact on literary movements.

Inicio del curso de literatura

Introducción al curso de literatura con el pensamiento de que existir es sentir, vinculado a las emociones profundas.

Romanticismo: Características y Representantes

Exploración detallada del movimiento literario del Romanticismo, sus características, representantes destacados como Goethe y Víctor Hugo, y obras significativas.

Romanticismo en Europa

Explicación sobre la influencia del Romanticismo en Europa, su relación con la Revolución Francesa, el culto a la naturaleza y la creación de realidades fantásticas.

Características del Romanticismo

Aspectos clave del Romanticismo literario como el culto al yo, la exaltación de lo sobrenatural, el nacionalismo exagerado, y la temática del héroe romántico atormentado.

Representantes del Romanticismo

Presentación de los principales representantes del Romanticismo literario en Europa incluyendo a Goethe, Víctor Hugo, y Alejandro Dumas, con énfasis en sus obras emblemáticas.

Edgar Allan Poe y Walt Whitman

Exploración de dos importantes escritores: Edgar Allan Poe, conocido por sus cuentos y poesía de terror, y Walt Whitman, famoso por su poesía egocéntrica y individualista.

Spanish Literature Influences

Discusses the influence of Spanish writers on each other, including Don Juan Tenorio and Tirso de Molina, as well as the creation of the character Piedra by Molière.

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

Highlights the work of Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, known for his poetry and legends, particularly focusing on his posthumous book 'Rimas' and the original title dilemma.

Key Works of Bécquer

Analyzes some of the significant pieces by Bécquer such as 'Rimas' and 'Leyendas', including the titles of selected poems and their themes.

Hans Christian Andersen and Fairy Tales

Explores the transition of Hans Christian Andersen from adult-oriented to children's literature, mentioning famous fairy tales like 'The Ugly Duckling' and 'The Steadfast Tin Soldier'.

Romanticism and Realism

Contrasts Romanticism and Realism in literature, emphasizing how Realism focuses on societal issues like poverty and human behavior with a rational and critical approach.

Realism and Naturalism

Distinguishes Realism and Naturalism, delving into the extreme portrayal of societal degradation in Naturalism, exemplified by Emile Zola's 'Les Rougon-Macquart' series.

Honore de Balzac and 'La Comedie Humaine'

Spotlights Honore de Balzac's monumental project 'La Comedie Humaine', a collection of over a hundred novels chronicling French society, with a focus on the novel 'Le Père Goriot'.

Flaubert's 'Madame Bovary'

Analyzes Gustave Flaubert's 'Madame Bovary' as a critical portrayal of social climbing and adultery, reflecting societal constraints and the tragic fate of the protagonist Emma.

Dostoevsky's 'Crime and Punishment'

Explores Fyodor Dostoevsky's psychological novel 'Crime and Punishment', depicting the internal turmoil of the protagonist Raskolnikov and his existential crises.

Tolstoy's 'Anna Karenina'

Discusses Leo Tolstoy's 'Anna Karenina', focusing on themes of adultery, societal norms, and the tragic fate of the protagonist Anna due to social constraints and her romantic pursuits.

José Echegaray and the Nobel Prize

Profiles José Echegaray, the first Spanish Nobel laureate in Literature in 1904, recognizing his contributions to Spanish literary achievements alongside international figures like Charles Dickens and Oscar Wilde.

Plot to Assassinate

Discussing the plot to assassinate in the bathtub.

Novel Against Slavery

Talking about a novel that attacks and condemns slavery.

FAQ

Q: What is the central theme of Romanticism in literature?

A: The central theme of Romanticism in literature is the idea that existence is tied to emotions and feelings, with a focus on deep emotions and personal expression.

Q: Who are some of the prominent representatives of Romanticism mentioned in the text?

A: Prominent representatives of Romanticism mentioned in the text include Goethe, Víctor Hugo, Alejandro Dumas, Edgar Allan Poe, Walt Whitman, and Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer.

Q: What are some characteristics of Romanticism discussed in the text?

A: Characteristics of Romanticism discussed in the text include the cult of the self (egotism), supernatural elements, exaggerated nationalism, and the theme of the tormented romantic hero.

Q: How does Realism differ from Romanticism in literature?

A: Realism in literature focuses on depicting societal issues like poverty and human behavior with a rational and critical perspective, contrasting with the emotional and fantastical elements of Romanticism.

Q: What significant works by authors like Gustave Flaubert and Fyodor Dostoevsky were mentioned and what are their themes?

A: Gustave Flaubert's 'Madame Bovary' critiques social climbing and adultery, reflecting societal constraints, while Fyodor Dostoevsky's 'Crime and Punishment' delves into the protagonist's internal turmoil and existential crises.

Q: Who is highlighted as the first Spanish Nobel laureate in Literature mentioned in the text?

A: José Echegaray is highlighted as the first Spanish Nobel laureate in Literature mentioned in the text, recognized for his contributions to Spanish literary achievements.

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